澳洲代写assignment:组织决策

2017-06-17 22:47

如前所述，组织决策和谈判过程之间的差异非常相似。例如，在西蒙的有限理性思想中，在多方谈判的情况下，谈判桌上的一些当事人可能只关注他们感兴趣的事情，而不是有关各方的最佳结果。有限理性不仅会导致一个不太理想的结果，而且在谈判中，如果当事人不能达成协议，不能对自己的利益让步，那就可能因为当事人走开而导致失败。正如有限理性影响决策和谈判，结果集团认为，政治利益，沟通不畅，和内部矛盾的产生影响以及。如果没有党内共识的谈判中，对方有一个高概率failure.decision-making具有不确定性，就像谈判一样，这就是为什么方开发巴特纳。巴特纳发展需要看任何不确定因素，如汤普森在关系取向调查结果的因果观念和因素中所提到的“垃圾桶”理论（2009托尔伯特& Hall，）。在准备谈判时，最好了解问题是什么，哪些潜在的利益可以被放弃，什么样的潜在的解决方案组合，谁将在会议桌上，如何处理这些问题，以及应该使用什么策略。与垃圾桶理论，开发巴特纳以及谈判策略可以成为这些因素的任意组合。
澳洲代写assignment:组织决策
As stated earlier, the differences between organizational decision-making and the process of negotiation are quite similar. For example, in regards to the idea of Simon’s bounded rationality, in multi-party negotiation situation some parties at the negotiation table might only focus on what is in their interests and not what would be an optimal outcome for parties involved. Not only can the bounded rationality lead to a less than optimal outcome, but in a negotiation, if parties cannot come to an agreement and cannot concede on their interests, which may result in failure due to parties walking away. Just as bounded rationality can effect the outcomes of decisions and negotiations, group think, political interests, miscommunication, and internal conflicts can have an impact as well. If there is not consensus within the party during a negotiation, that party has a high probability of failure.Decision-making has uncertainties just as negotiation does, which is why parties develop a BATNA. Developing a BATNA should involve looking at any factors of uncertainty, such as Thompson’s ideas on cause and effect on relations and preferrences of outcomes and the factors mentioned in the “garbage can” theory (Tolbert & Hall, 2009). When preparing for a negotiation its best to know what the issues are, what potential interests can be given up, what potential combinations of solutions can be made, who is going to be at the table and how to deal with them, and what strategies should be used. As with the garbage can theory, developing a BATNA as well as a negotiation strategy can be any combination of those factors.

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