麦考瑞assignment 代写:大学管理者

2017-06-13 15:32

（亚力山大，1999）大学管理者总是全神贯注于财政资源的积累和分配；然而，学生参与理论表明，最宝贵的体制资源可能是学生时间。根据这一理论，学生能够达到特定的发展目标的程度是他们致力于产生这些收益的活动的时间和精力的直接作用。例如，如果增加的知识和对历史的理解是历史专业的一个重要目标，学生的程度，达到这个目标是他们花在听教授讲历史上活动时间的直接功能，阅读有关历史的书籍，并与其他学生讨论历史。一般来说，学生在这些活动中花费的时间越多，他们学习的历史就越多。压力是一种使人产生消极思想和情感的情况。同样的情况对所有人来说都不是唤起或压力，所有人在压力下都不会经历同样的消极想法和感受。在理解学生压力方面有用的一种模式是人-环境模型。（拉撒路，1966）根据这个模型的一个变体，压力事件可以被个人评价为“挑战性”或“威胁性”。当学生评价他们的教育是一种挑战时，压力可以给他们带来能力感和学习能力的提高。然而，当教育被视为威胁时，压力会引起无助感和不祥的失落感。
麦考瑞assignment 代写:大学管理者
(Alexander, 1999) College administrators are constantly preoccupied with the accumulation and allocation of fiscal resources; the theory of student involvement, however, suggests that the most precious institutional resource may be student time. According to the theory, the extent to which students can achieve particular developmental goals is a direct function of the time and effort they devote to activities designed to produce these gains. For example, if increased knowledge and understanding of history is an important goal for history majors, the extent to which students reach this goal is a direct function of the time they spend at such activities as listening to professor's talk about history, reading books about history, and discussing history with other students. Generally, the more time students spend in these activities, the more history they learn.Stress is any situation that evokes negative thoughts and feelings in a person. The same situation is not evocative or stressful for all people, and all people do not experience the same negative thoughts and feelings when stressed. One model that is useful in understanding stress among students is the person-environmental model. (Lazarus, 1966) According to one variation of this model, stressful events can be appraised by an individual as "challenging" or "threatening". When students appraise their education as a challenge, stress can bring them a sense of competence and an increased capacity to learn. When education is seen as a threat, however, stress can elicit feelings of helplessness and a foreboding sense of loss.

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